Clinicopathologic analysis of oral dermoid and epidermoid cysts: a Brazilian multicenter study.

Dermoid cysts (DCs) and epidermoid cysts (ECs) are uncommon developmental cysts affecting the oral cavity. This study aims to evaluate patients with oral DCs and ECs and their demographic and clinicopathologic features. A retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study was performed. A total of 105,077 biopsy records of oral and maxillofacial lesions from seven Brazilian oral pathology centers were analyzed. All cases diagnosed as oral DCs and ECs were reviewed, and clinical, demographic, and histopathological data were collected. The series comprised 32 DCs (31.4%) and 70 ECs (68.6%). Most of the DCs occurred on the floor of the mouth (n = 14; 45.2%) of women (n = 17; 53.1%) with a mean age of 34.6 ± 21.6 years. All DCs were lined partially or entirely by stratified squamous epithelium (100%). Chronic inflammatory cells, melanin pigmentation, multinucleated giant cell reaction, and cholesterol clefts were observed in the fibrous capsule . Most of the ECs affected the labial mucosa (n = 20; 31.7%) of men (n = 39; 56.5%) with a mean age of 48.0±19.8 years. Microscopically, most ECs (n = 68; 97.1%) were lined entirely by stratified squamous epithelium. Two cysts (2.9%) showed areas of respiratory metaplasia. Chronic inflammatory cells, melanin pigmentation, multinucleated giant cell reaction, and cholesterol clefts were also observed in the fibrous capsule. Conservative surgical excision was the treatment of choice in all cases. Oral DCs and ECs are uncommon and often clinically misdiagnosed lesions. Clinicians should consider DCs and ECs in the differential diagnosis of soft tissue lesions in the oral cavity, mainly located on the floor of the mouth and labial mucosa.

Clinicopathologic analysis of oral dermoid and epidermoid cysts: a Brazilian multicenter study

Abstract Dermoid cysts (DCs) and epidermoid cysts (ECs) are uncommon developmental cysts affecting the oral cavity. This study aims to evaluate patients with oral DCs and ECs and their demographic and clinicopathologic features. A retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study was performed. A total of 105,077 biopsy records of oral and maxillofacial lesions from seven Brazilian oral pathology centers were analyzed. All cases diagnosed as oral DCs and ECs were reviewed, and clinical, demographic, and histopathological data were collected. The series comprised 32 DCs (31.4%) and 70 ECs (68.6%). Most of the DCs occurred on the floor of the mouth (n = 14; 45.2%) of women (n = 17; 53.1%) with a mean age of 34.6 ± 21.6 years. All DCs were lined partially or entirely by stratified squamous epithelium (100%). Chronic inflammatory cells, melanin pigmentation, multinucleated giant cell reaction, and cholesterol clefts were observed in the fibrous capsule . Most of the ECs affected the labial mucosa (n = 20; 31.7%) of men (n = 39; 56.5%) with a mean age of 48.0±19.8 years. Microscopically, most ECs (n = 68; 97.1%) were lined entirely by stratified squamous epithelium. Two cysts (2.9%) showed areas of respiratory metaplasia. Chronic inflammatory cells, melanin pigmentation, multinucleated giant cell reaction, and cholesterol clefts were also observed in the fibrous capsule. Conservative surgical excision was the treatment of choice in all cases. Oral DCs and ECs are uncommon and often clinically misdiagnosed lesions. Clinicians should consider DCs and ECs in the differential diagnosis of soft tissue lesions in the oral cavity, mainly located on the floor of the mouth and labial mucosa.

Imunoexpressão da proteína ING3 em Queilites Actínicas e carcinomas de células escamosas de lábio inferior / Immunoexpression of ING3 protein in actinic cheilitis and squamous cell carcinomas of the lower lip

A família de inibidores de crescimento (inhibitor of growth - ING) corresponde a um grupo de genes supressores tumorais cuja expressão se apresenta alterada ou ausente em diversos tipos de câncer. Os produtos destes genes estão relacionados, principalmente, a processos celulares indispensáveis na carcinogênese, como remodelação da cromatina, proliferação celular, replicação e reparo do DNA. Este estudo avaliou a expressão imuno-histoquímica da proteína ING3 em 45 espécimes de queilite actínica (QA) e 48 espécimes de carcinoma de células escamosas de lábio inferior (CCELI). A expressão da proteína foi comparada entre os dois grupos de amostras, bem como com os parâmetros clínico-patológicos das lesões estudadas, através dos testes estatísticos Exato de Fisher, Kruskal-Wallis (KW), Mann-Whitney (U) e teste de correlação de Spearman. Um nível de significância de 5% foi adotado para todos os testes, sendo considerados significativos os valores de p ≤ 0,05. Não foram encontradas associações estatisticamente significativas entre as variáveis morfológicas de CCELI e tamanho do tumor, envolvimento linfonodal, estadiamento clínico, recorrência local e metástase linfonodal após tratamento (p>0,05). Óbitos foram significativamente mais frequentes em tumores de alto escore de risco histopatológico (p<0,05). Nas QAs, diferenças significativas na expressão de ING3 núcleo-citoplasmática, e restrita ao citoplasma, com a gradação de Kujan et al. (2006) foram encontradas (p<0,05). Nos CCELIs, não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa ao comparar as expressões de ING3 (núcleo-citoplasmática e restrita ao citoplasma) com os parâmetros clínicos e morfológicos (p>0,05). A expressão de ING3 núcleo-citoplasmática foi significativamente menor em CCELI quando comparada aos casos de QA (p<0,05) e a expressão restrita ao citoplasma foi significativamente maior nos CCELIs (p<0,05). Nossos resultados sugerem que há notável diminuição da expressão nuclear de ING3 conforme a progressão maligna, indicando função supressora tumoral prejudicada desta proteína em QAs e CCELIs. Entretanto, acredita-se que, na carcinogênese labial, ING3 caracteriza-se melhor como um marcador preditor de transformação maligna, do que um biomarcador de comportamento biológico tumoral (AU).

The family of inhibitors of growth (ING) corresponds to a group of tumor suppressor genes whose expression is altered or absent in several types of cancer. The products of these genes are mainly related to cellular processes indispensable in carcinogenesis, including cell proliferation, DNA replication and repair. This study evaluated the immunohistochemical expression of ING3 protein in 45 actinic cheilitis (AC) and 48 lower lip squamous cell carcinoma (CCELI) specimens. Protein expression was compared between the two groups of samples, as well as with the clinicopathological parameters of studied lesions, using Fisher's exact tests, Kruskal-Wallis (KW), Mann-Whitney (U) and correlation test of Spearman. A significance level of 5% was adopted for all tests, with values of p ≤ 0.05 being considered significant. No statistically significant associations were found between morphological variables of CCELI and tumor size, lymph node involvement, clinical staging, local recurrence and lymph node metastasis after treatment (p>0.05). Deaths were significantly more frequent in tumors with a high histopathological risk score (p<0.05). In ACs, significant differences in nuclear-cytoplasmic and restricted to the cytoplasm expression of ING3, with gradation of Kujan et al. (2006) were found (p<0.05). In CCELIs, there was no statistically significant difference when comparing ING3 expressions (nucleocytoplasmic and cytoplasmic restricted) with clinical and morphological parameters (p>0.05). Nucleocytoplasmic ING3 expression was significantly lower in CCELI when compared to AC cases (p<0.05) and cytoplasm-restricted expression was significantly higher in CCELIs (p<0.05). Our results suggest that there is a remarkable decrease in ING3 nuclear expression according to malignant progression, indicating an impaired tumor suppressor function of this protein in AC and CCELI. However, it is believed that, in lip carcinogenesis, ING3 is better characterized as predictive marker of malignant transformation, rather than a biomarker of tumor biological behavior (AU).

BIOSAFETY KNOWLEDGE, ACTIONS AND MEASURES OF BRAZILIAN DENTISTS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC / CONHECIMENTOS, ATITUDES E PRÁTICAS DE BIOSSEGURANÇA POR CIRURGIÕES-DENTISTAS BRASILEIROS DURANTE A PANDEMIA DA COVID-19

Objective: To identify the level of knowledge, attitudes and practices related to biosafety measures, prevention and control by DCs during the pandemic. Methods: An online questionnaire consisting of 42 questions was disseminated to the CDs operating in Brazil through social networks and also to the 27 Regional Councils of Dentistry in the country via e-mail. The collection period was from June 26 to July 2, 2020. Results: 751 CDs answered the questionnaire, of these, 54.9% undertook training in preventing and controlling the spread of the virus and the scientific article was the main means of information (44.5%). Regarding biosafety in dental care, 95.9% reported having knowledge of ANVISA's rules on the subject, however, regarding attitudes and practices, there was a failure to comply with the recommendations. Link between professional performance and training or not, were factors associated with greater knowledge and correct biosafety attitudes and practices. Conclusion: Although the Brazilian CDs have good levels of knowledge about biosafety measures for the prevention of COVID-19, they still fail to comply with basic attitudes and recommended practices.

Objetivo: Identificar o nível de conhecimento, atitudes e práticas relacionadas às medidas de biossegurança, prevenção e controle por parte dos CDs durante a pandemia. Métodos: Um questionário online composto por 42 perguntas foi divulgado aos CDs atuantes no Brasil pelas redes sociais e também aos 27 Conselhos Regionais de Odontologia do país via e-mail. O período de coleta foi do dia 26 de junho a 2 de julho de 2020. Resultados: 751 CDs responderam ao questionário, destes, 54,9% realizaram capacitação para prevenção e controle de disseminação do vírus e artigo científico foi o principal meio de informação (44,5%).  Com relação à biossegurança nos atendimentos odontológicos, 95,9% relataram ter conhecimento das normas da ANVISA sobre o assunto, porém, com relação às atitudes e práticas, observou-se descumprimento das recomendações. Vínculo de atuação profissional e realização ou não de capacitação foram fatores associados a maior conhecimento e a atitudes e práticas corretas de biossegurança. Conclusão: Os CDs brasileiros embora apresentem bons níveis de conhecimento acerca das medidas de biossegurança para prevenção da COVID-19 ainda descumprem atitudes e práticas básicas recomendadas.

Saúde bucal no brasil: uma revisão integrativa do período de 1950 a 2019 / Oral health in brazil: an integrative review from 1950 to 2019 / Salud oral en brasil: una revisión integradora en el período de 1950 a 2019

A trajetória das políticas públicas de saúde bucal no Brasil foi historicamente caracterizada como um longo processo de rupturas e continuidades. Este estudo teve como objetivo realizar uma revisão integrativa da literatura sobre os modelos assistenciais e políticas públicas de saúde bucal no Brasil desenvolvidas ao longo do período de 1950 a 2019. Desenvolveu-se mediante o método qualitativo, consistindo em uma revisão integrativa da literatura. O tema abordado baseou-se em evidências bibliográficas e documentos públicos produzidos por setores estratégicos do governo. Os primeiros modelos assistenciais em saúde bucal implementados no Brasil se configuravam como excludentes, elitistas, mutiladores e pouco resolutivos. Apenas em 1994 o Ministério da Saúde criou o Programa Saúde da Família (PSF), incluindo, em 2001, as Equipes de Saúde Bucal (ESB) na Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF). Diante da falta de uma política nacional efetiva para a saúde bucal, a Política Nacional de Saúde Bucal (PNSB), conhecida como Brasil Sorridente, foi criada em 2004, e em 2011, a Política Nacional de Atenção Básica (PNAB) foi aprovada. Ao ser revisada em 2017, a equipe de saúde bucal foi excluída da equipe multiprofissional mínima. O cenário histórico da saúde bucal no Brasil é caraterizado por dois momentos distintos, em que inicialmente houve evolução dos modelos assistenciais em saúde bucal, seguido pela exclusão da saúde bucal no contexto de saúde da família.

The trajectory of public oral health policies in Brazil has historically been characterized as a long rupture and continuities process. This study aimed at conducting an integrative literature review on care models and public oral health policies in Brazil from 1950 to 2019. It was developed through the qualitative method, consisting of an integrative literature review. The theme approached was based on bibliographic evidence and public documents produced by strategic sectors government. The first models of oral health care implemented in Brazil represented exclusionary, elitist, mutilating, and poorly resolving models. Only in 1994, the Brazilian Ministry of Health created the Family Health Program (FHP), including in 2001 the Oral Health Teams (OHT) in Family Health Strategy (FHS). In the absence of an effective national oral health policy, National Oral Health Policy (NOHP), known as Brasil Sorridente (Smiling Brazil), was created in 2004. In 2011, the National Primary Care Policy (NPCP) was approved. When revised in 2017, the oral health team was excluded from the minimum multi-professional team. The historical scenario of oral health in Brazil is characterized by two distinct moments. Initially, there was an evolution of care models in oral health, followed by exclusion of oral health in the context of family health.

La trayectoria de las políticas públicas de salud oral en Brasil se ha caracterizado históricamente como un largo proceso de rupturas y continuidades. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo realizar una revisión integradora de la literatura sobre modelos de atención y políticas públicas de salud oral desarrolladas en Brasil desde 1950 hasta 2019. Se utilizó el método cualitativo, que consiste en una revisión integradora de la literatura. El tema abordado se basó en evidencia bibliográfica y documentos públicos producidos por sectores estratégicos del gobierno. Los primeros modelos de atención de salud oral implementados en Brasil representaban modelos excluyentes, elitistas, mutiladores y de baja resolución. Solo en 1994 el Ministerio de Salud creó el Programa de Salud Familiar (PSF), que incluyó en 2001 los Equipos de Salud Oral (ESO) en la Estrategia de Salud Familiar (ESF). En ausencia de una política nacional efectiva de salud oral, la Política Nacional de Salud Oral (PNSB), conocida como Brasil Sorridente, se creó en 2004; y en 2011 se aprobó la Política Nacional de Atención Primaria (PNAB). Cuando se revisó en 2017, el equipo de salud oral fue excluido del equipo mínimo multiprofesional. El escenario histórico de la salud oral en Brasil se caracteriza por dos momentos distintos, inicialmente hubo una evolución de los modelos de atención en salud oral, seguido de la exclusión de la salud oral en el contexto de la salud familiar.